Brief Description:  A medieval javelin is a lightweight, aerodynamic throwing spear designed to be hurled at enemy formations before engaging in melee combat. Measuring roughly 4 to 6 feet long, it features a wooden shaft and a smaller metal head (often barbed or leaf-shaped), combining mid-range projectile capabilities with a backup melee weapon.

Key Characteristics and Uses:

Tactical Versatility: Javelins were hybrid weapons. In the hands of skirmishers, like the Anglo-Saxon or Irish Kerns, they were used to harass enemies before retreating to safe positions. They were also effectively used from horseback to break enemy ranks.

Shield Denial: Rather than just inflicting piercing damage, heavier medieval javelins (like the Frankish angon) were designed to become stuck in enemy shields. The protruding weapon weighed down the shield, forcing the defender to abandon it and exposing them to further attacks.

Shield-Wall Combat: Soldiers using javelins could stand safely behind a shield wall and throw their weapons over the front lines. Because of their lightweight build, infantry could easily carry 3 to 5 javelins at a time.